The article looks at the results of the implementation of the project entitled “The Significance of Documentary Heritage in Creating Synergies Between Research and Society”, within the National Research Programme “Latvia’s Heritage and Future Challenges for National Sustainability”, by the National Library of Latvia in cooperation with Vidzeme University of Applied Sciences. The concept of the documentary heritage is conceptually evaluated, linking it to the cultural heritage discourse today, as well as highlighting the importance of the documentary heritage evidences as sources of history, creating a new understanding of the prospects of exploration of Latvia’s history, including issues related to social groups and communities whose role in Latvia’s history until now has been studied fragmentarily or is still being perceived with prejudices.